A novel synthesis route to Sn1−xRExO2−x/2 nanorods via microwave-induced salt-assisted solution combustion process

Sn1−xRExO2−x/2 (RE=Y, La, Gd and Nd) nanorods have been prepared by annealing the as-obtained products from microwave-induced KCl-assisted solution combustion reaction. The phase evolution in the synthesis process was investigated by an X-ray diffractometer. Accordingly, the possible growth mechanism of Sn1−xRExO2−x/2 nanorods was discussed based on oriented attachment by polar forces. The results showed that the Sn0.8Y0.2O1.9 nanorods were rutile-structured single crystals with 8–12 nm diameter and 100–200 nm length. Proper addition of KCl into the redox mixture solution is critical to the formation of Sn1−xRExO2−x/2 nanorods. The approach is convenient, inexpensive and efficient for the high yield preparation of Sn1−xRExO2−x/2 nanorods.