Leaf age effects on solute accumulation in water-stressed grapevines

The effects of leaf age on water relations, organic solute, and total ion accumulation were studied in mature and immature leaves of two-year-old grapevines (Vitis vinifera L., cv. Savatiano) grown under water stress conditions. Osmotic potential at full turgor decreased significantly in leaves of stressed plants, irrespective of leaf age, indicating the occurrence of an active osmotic adjustment. The apoplastic water fraction (A) increased during leaf ontogeny in both control and stressed plants. However, the values of A were lower in stressed plants. Starch concentration decreased significantly in both mature and immature leaves during the drought cycle, while the relative proportion of monosaccharides and sucrose was markedly different in immature leaves compared to mature. The accumulation of total inorganic ions, induced by drought, was also age dependent, increasing significantly with leaf age, while there were no significant differences in total amino acids content. Inorganic ions and carbohydrates seem to be the major component of osmotic adjustment in mature and immature grapevine leaves, respectively.