Investigation of Transient Fluid Flow and Heat Transfer in a Continuous Casting Tundish by Numerical Analysis Verified with Nonisothermal Water Model Experiments

The tundish process is complicated due to the periodic nature of its operation during the changing of ladles, which makes it both a transient and nonisothermal process. A nonisothermal water model, with temperature variations in the inlet stream, is described in this article. A three-dimensional (3-D) transient mathematical model to simulate the fluid flow and heat transfer in this water model is also introduced. From the experimental and numerical results, it is shown that there is a significant thermal buoyancy force contributing to the flow in this nonisothermal water model.