Cloning and expression of alpha class glutathione S-transferase gene from the small hermaphroditic fish Rivulus marmoratus (Cyprinodontiformes, Rivulidae)

In order to assess its potential as a biomarker of aquatic pollution, an alpha class glutathione S-transferase gene (GSTα gene) was cloned from the small hermaphroditic fish Rivulus marmoratus. The R. marmoratus GSTα gene spanned 1.3 kb, consisting of 6 exons encoding 221 amino acid residues. It showed high similarity to zebrafish GST. We named this R. marmoratus GSTα gene as rm-GSTα. The cDNA of the rm-GSTα gene was also investigated for its phylogeny, tissue-specific and chemical-induced expression. Rm-GSTα was subcloned into a 6 × His-tagged pCR®T7 TOPO TA expression vector to produce the recombinant 6 × His-tagged rm-GST protein. This will be used in future to raise an rm-GSTα antibody for use in the study of phase II metabolism involved in detoxification. We also exposed R. marmoratus to 300 μg/l of 4-nonylphenol in water, and found approximately 4-fold induction of R. marmoratus GSTα mRNA in the treated animals. In this paper, we discuss the characteristics of the R. marmoratus GSTα gene as well as its potential use in relation to environmental pollution.