Official and informal tools to embed performance in the design of low carbon buildings. An ethnographic study in England and Wales

The British low carbon policy aims to achieve zero carbon buildings by 2020. This investigation what building designers are doing to embed the low carbon policy aspirations in routine project design, based on a comparative ethnographic study. The researcher documented the design process observed in four non-domestic buildings procured by design and build method. This article documents the tools deployed by building designers to embed energy performance. The analysis of the design tools unveils the low carbon problem-solving process. A number of informal tools and practices were found to be used in the design process to assist the outline of the energy aspirations, understanding and calculation of energy performance. These informal mechanisms supported the adoption of regulations and compliance tools by building designers. The field data suggests that there are pre-existing practices and designersʹ preferences that are the foreground where the policy requirements are to be incorporated. It is necessary that the policy model is informed by the designersʹ dimension to overcome the non-technical barriers that hinder the implementation of low carbon policies.