Fundamental study on adhesion of ice to solid surface: Discussion on coupling of nano-scale field with macro-scale field

In a previous study, it was reported that the removal process (behavior) of ice from a cooling solid surface depended on the characteristic of the solid surface, and that the ice adhesion force to the cooling surface was mainly governed by the surface energy of the surface. In the present study, using the method of surface analysis, the ice removal process and the ice adhesion force clarified in a macro-scale field were also discussed in a nano-scale field to couple these scale fields. Simultaneously, another surface analysis of the solid surface was carried out to identify the distributions of hydrophilic and hydrophobic groups on a solid surface. Attempts to couple the nano-scale field with the macro-scale field revealed that the results for both scale fields were in approximate qualitative agreement.