Nicolau Syndrome Caused by Penicillin Injection a Report From Iran

Introduction: Nicolau syndrome also known as livedo-like dermatitis or embolia cutis medicamentosa is a rare adverse reaction of a still largely unidentified pathogenesis at the site of intramuscular and intra-articular drug injection. Case report: herein we report a 7-year-old boy, a known case of cerebral palsy received a penicillin injection in the left buttock due to upper respiratory tract infection and one day later developed an echymotic, ischemic and necrotic area in the site of injection which extended to the left leg, thigh and foot gradually. Nicolau syndrome was diagnosed and the patient received prednisolone, pentoxyphyllin and was heparinized .In the follow up, the lesion began to improve. Discussion: There is no specific therapy for Nicolau syndrome other than prevention. Correct Intramuscular injections may prevent these conditions. This case is the second report of Nicolau syndrome from Iran after the case of Beheshti-rooy et al.