Author/Authors :
Grosman، نويسنده , , A. and Bayetti، نويسنده , , P. and Brosset، نويسنده , , C. and Bucalossi، نويسنده , , J. and Cordier، نويسنده , , J.J and Durocher، نويسنده , , A. and Escourbiac، نويسنده , , F. and Ghendrih، نويسنده , , Ph. and Guilhem، نويسنده , , D. A. Gunn، نويسنده , , J. and Loarer، نويسنده , , T. and Lipa، نويسنده , , M. and Mitteau، نويسنده , , R. and Pégourié، نويسنده , , B. and Reichle، نويسنده , , R. M. Schlosser، نويسنده ,
Abstract :
The implementation of actively cooled high heat flux plasma facing components (PFCs) is one of the major ingredients required for operating the Tore Supra tokamak with very long pulses. A pioneering activity has been developed in this field from the very beginning of the device operation that is today culminating with the routine operation of an actively cooled toroidal pumped limiter (TPL) capable to sustain up to 10 MW/m2 of nominal convected heat flux. Technical information is drawn from the whole development up to the industrialisation and focuses on a number of critical issues, such as bonding technology analysis, manufacture processes, repair processes, destructive and non-destructive testing. The actual experience in Tore Supra allows to address the question of D retention on carbon walls. Redeposition on surfaces without plasma flux is suspected to cause the final ‘burial’ of about half of the injected gas during long discharges.
Keywords :
Limiter , Deuterium inventory , Tore Supra , Co-deposition
