Recent research progress in the synthesis and properties of burning rate catalysts based on ferrocene-containing polymers and derivatives

An excellent solid propellant should have an extremely stable burning rate and a low pressure exponent. To achieve this aim one of the best ways is to add a burning rate catalyst into the propellant. Efficient ferrocene (Fc)-based burning rate (BR) catalysts with superior performance have attracted intense attention. This review addresses the recent research progress in BR catalysts of Fc-based polymers and derivatives. The migration has been considered as the main barrier for the development and the practical applications of Fc-based polymers and derivatives BR catalysts. In this review several pioneering methods are presented for the synthesis of Fc-based polymers with high efficient burning rate properties and/or low migration properties. In addition, a compendium of the recent progress in synthesis of Fc derivatives with BR catalytic properties is contained. The catalytic mechanism and migration mechanism of Fc-based polymers and derivatives BR catalysts are highlighted.