In vivo toxicological effects and spectral studies of new triorganotin(IV)–N-maleoyltranexamates

Multinuclear NMR (1H, 13C and 119Sn), FT-IR, 119mSn Mössbauer spectroscopy, elemental analysis and MS have been carried out for five newly synthesized triorganotin(IV) esters of N-maleoyl-protected tranexamic acid. As per spectroscopic outcome these are five-coordinate polymers with bridging carboxylate group in the solid state, while five-coordinated in trigonal bipyramidal geometry in solution form. Elemental analysis and MS data confirmed the 1:1 ligand to metal ratio and spectroscopic data. These complexes were tested in vitro against various human tumoural cell lines, in vivo in mice and found to be active. Further complexes 4 and 5 showed higher toxicity as compared to complexes 1–3 and the ligand. The nature (alkyl/phenyl/aryl) and size of covalently attached R′ groups of Sn(IV) atom and partition coefficients played a key role in the toxicities of the reported complexes.