Wave propagation in a sandwich structure

The propagation of elastic waves in a sandwich structure with two thin stiff face-plates and a thick compliant core is considered in this paper. A complete description of the dispersion relation with no restrictions on frequency and wavelength is provided. This is accomplished by transforming the wave equation to a Hamiltonian system and then using a transfer matrix approach for solving the Hamiltonian system. To provide insight, particular regimes of the frequency–wavelength plane are then considered. First, an explicit formula is derived for all natural frequencies at the long wavelength limit. It is shown that all waves with finite limiting frequency have zero group velocity, while those with vanishing limiting frequency correspond to longitudinal, shear and flexural waves. The displacement of the flexural waves are reminiscent of Mindlin plates, and an asymptotic procedure to find the shear correction factor is presented. Second, the lowest branch of the dispersion relation is studied in detail and mode shapes are used to motivate explicit but accurate description of this lowest branch. This approximate model is anticipated to be useful in simulations of large structures with sandwich structures.