High temperature damage model for carbon–carbon composites

A damage model for carbon–carbon orthotropic composite materials is introduced with a special attention to the thermo-mechanical effects. The internal variables of damage are identified from tension–compression tests according to each fiber direction and from shear tests in each orthotropy plane. The influence of the temperature is taken into account from typical experimental stress–strain curves given for different values of the temperature. The finite element model was implemented in ABAQUS® using an implicit time incremental scheme. Finally, a significant numerical simulation of a thermo-mechanical loading with damage is presented.