Effect of site occupancies of rare earth ions on electrical properties in Ni-MLCC based on BaTiO3

The site occupancies of rare earth ions for Ba-site to Ti-site were quantitatively estimated in (Ba1−x,Rx)(Ti1−x,Rx)O3 (R = Eu, Ho), (Ba1−3xEu2x)TiO3, and Ba(Ti1−2xEu2x)O3−x systems by applying the Rietveld refinement to the data obtained from the synchrotron radiation powder diffraction measurement. The occupational ratio of Ba-site to Ti-site for the larger rare earth ion (Eu) was 49/51 (x = 0.10), whereas for the smaller ion (Ho) was 9/91 (x = 0.01) in (Ba1−x,Rx)(Ti1−x,Rx)O3 system. Furthermore, the occupational ratio was greatly dependent on the Ba/Ti ratio, in (Ba1−3xEu2x)TiO3 system it was 92/8 (x = 0.03), whereas that in Ba(Ti1−2xEu2x)O3−x system was 20/80 (x = 0.01). The Curie point shifted to lower temperature effectively with increasing in the occupational ratio of rare earth ion into Ba-site.