Effect of anion substitution onto structural and magnetic properties of chromium chalcogenides

We investigated experimentally and theoretically the effect of the substitution of Te by Se onto the structural, magnetic and electronic properties of ferromagnetic Cr5±xTe8 as parent material. Whereas Cr5Te8 is dimorphic crystallizing in a monoclinic and trigonal modification, Se substituted samples crystallize in two different trigonal modifications depending on the synthesis conditions. One of the modifications can be viewed as self-intercalated dichalcogenides Cr1+xQ2 (Q = Te, Se) and the other is a superstructure which is isostructural to one of the Cr5±xTe8 modifications. For the Se richest samples (Te:Se = 1:7) a new modification is identified which was formerly reported for Cr3+xSe4. For a distinct Cr content the replacement of Se by Te induces a reduction of the unit cell volumes, of the Cr-Cr and Cr-Te/Se distances. Increasing the Cr content for a constant Te:Se ratio has the opposite effect. The results also suggest that the homogeneity range extends to more Cr rich compounds with decreasing Te content. For a given Cr content the substitution of Te by Se weakens the ferromagnetic exchange interactions and strengthens the antiferromagnetic exchange. With increasing Cr content and a fixed Te:Se ratio ferromagnetic properties become more pronounced. The low temperature magnetic behavior is characterized by spin-glass, spin-glass like or cluster-glass properties depending on the Cr content and the Te:Se ratio. Electronic structure calculations done within the framework of LSDA (local spin density approximation) gave a detailed insight into the electronic and magnetic properties of the investigated systems supporting the interpretation of the achieved experimental results. This applies in particular for the calculated exchange coupling constants that provided the necessary input for Monte Carlo simulations used for theoretical investigations on the magnetic properties at finite temperatures.