Physics, chemistry and synthesis methods of nanostructured bismuth ferrite (BiFeO3) as a ferroelectro-magnetic material

Materials that combine ferroic properties, such as ferromagnetism and ferroelectricity are highly desirable, yet rare. The number of candidate materials is limited and their effects are typically too small at room temperature to be useful in applications. Bismuth ferrite (BiFeO3) is potentially the only material which is both magnetic and highly ferroelectric at room temperature. Nanostructured BiFeO3 are promising materials for magnetoelectric and spintronic devices, especially the memories that can be addressed both electrically and magnetically. This review paper investigates the structural, microstructural, physical concepts and different synthesis methods of BiFeO3.