Modeling nonlinear behavior in a piezoelectric actuator

A piezoelectric tube actuator is employed as a sample positioning device in Nanocut, a cutting instrument conceived to study the mechanics of nanometric cutting. Extension of functionality of the instrument as a nanometric machine tool motivates the search for an accurate model of the actuator for implementing feedback control. A simple nonlinear model describing longitudinal expansion of the piezoelectric tube actuator is presented in this paper. The model derivation is based on a non-formal analogy with nonlinear viscoelastic materials under uniaxial extension, for which the responses to a step input are similar to the piezoelectric tube. Suitability of the model structure for arbitrary inputs is tested by cross-verification between time and frequency domains. Two parameter estimation procedures are examined and the results of the experimental work for characterization, estimation and validation are presented.