Charge and water in need for the precise control of Selemion bending

Curvature of Selemion, C, exhibited a quite definite relationship to the charge, Q. There was an almost perfect linear relationship between them, as long as the applied voltage to Selemion was higher than Vth, which was a threshold voltage in need for the induction of redox reaction 2Ag + 1 2 O2 ↔ Ag2O. At Vth or above, a larger quantity of charge was given to the Selemion owing to the reaction. Although such a linear relationship slightly worsened, once the voltage polarity was reversed, Q versus C still maintained a certain definite relationship. Therefore, it was speculated that the Selemion bending curvature was still controllable through the control of charge (or current). Besides charge (or current), the existence of water inside Selemion was an essential factor for the induction of its bending. Because Selemion is an electrically insulating material, quite indifferently to the applied voltage, and the water contained in Selemion created ions, and Selemion must have been converted into a semi-conductive material that could respond to the applied voltage.