Three-dimensional CdS nanostructure for photoelectrochemical sensor

Cubic CdS nanoparticles and hexagonal CdS nanowalls were fabricated directly on Cd foils via a modified composite hydroxide mediated approach. The phase transition of CdS nanocrystals from cubic to hexagonal phase can be controlled by varying the water content in the hydroxide melts. The metal Cd foils serves as both Cd source and substrate in the formation of the CdS nanostructures. The surface morphology and phase structure were characterized by scanning electron microscope, energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer and X-ray diffraction. The obviously enhanced photoelectrochemical performances of the hexagonal nanowalls were found under the illumination of the simulated sunlight in comparison with that of the cubic CdS nanoparticles. The surface morphology plays a vital role in its photoelectrochemical behaviors due to the different specific surface area and charge transport, indicating such three-dimensional hexagonal CdS nanostructure has prominent advantages in photoelectrochemical applications.