Sensitive and selective determination of uric acid in real samples by modified glassy carbon electrode with holmium fluoride nanoparticles/multi-walled carbon nanotube as a new biosensor

A novel modified glassy carbon electrode with holmium fluoride (HoF3) nanoparticles (HoFNPs)-multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) is fabricated and then successfully used for the sensitive and selective determination of uric acid (UA) in the presence of ascorbic acid (AA) and dopamine (DA). HoFNPs are successfully attached on the multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) via the intermediate of noncovalent hydrophobic interactions of the MWCNTs surface with sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). A detailed investigation by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and electrochemistry is performed in order to elucidate the preparation process and properties of the nanocomposites. TEM image shows that the particle size of HoFNPs is about 56 nm. Linear calibration plot is obtained over the range 2.0 × 10−7–5.0 × 10 −4 M (0.2–500.0 μM) with a detection limit 1.6 × 10−7 M (0.16 μM) for UA. The modified carbon electrode proves to have good sensitivity, stability and performance for determination UA in the presence of AA, DA in human blood serum and urine samples.