Stress analysis of solids with open-ended tubular holes by BFM

Two kinds of special surface elements, curvilinear tube element and triangular element with negative parts, are proposed for modeling solids containing many slender open-ended tubular shaped holes in the framework of boundary face method. The surfaces of each tubular hole in the solid are modeled by the tube elements, and the outer surfaces that intersected and trimmed by the holes are modeled by triangular elements with negative parts. Substantial savings in both modeling effort and computational cost have been achieved. In addition, all the special surface elements are defined in the parametric space of the surface, and the exact geometry data are obtained directly from a CAD model of the solid. Therefore, automatic analysis is possible. Several numerical examples are presented to demonstrate the efficiency and accuracy of the proposed method.