Simple and universal HPLC-UV method to determine cimetidine, ranitidine, famotidine and nizatidine in urine: Application to the analysis of ranitidine and its metabolites in human volunteers

A validated, simple and universal HPLC-UV method for the determination of cimetidine, famotidine, nizatidine and ranitidine in human urine is presented. This is the first single HPLC method reported for the analysis of all four H2 antagonists in human biological samples. This method was also utilized for the analysis of ranitidine and its metabolites in human urine. All calibration curves showed good linear regression (r2 > 0.9960) within test ranges. The method showed good precision and accuracy with overall intra- and inter-day variations of 0.2–13.6% and 0.2–12.1%, respectively. Separation of ranitidine and its metabolites using this assay provided significantly improved resolution, precision and accuracy compared to previously reported methods. The assay was successfully applied to a human volunteer study using ranitidine as the model compound.