Impact of diesel fuels on the emissions of non-regulated pollutants

This study investigates the impact of two different automotive diesel fuels (one Euro3 and one Euro4) on several unregulated exhaust emissions of a Euro3 compliant passenger car. The fuels used are characterized by their different sulfur and aromatic contents. Emission measurements were conducted on a chassis dynamometer equipped with constant volume sampling (CVS) technique. The vehicle was tested on the New European Driving Cycle (NEDC) and on various steady speeds. The non-regulated pollutants examined were the individual nitrogen compounds (NO, NO2, N2O, NH3, and NOx), individual hydrocarbons (CH4, benzene, toluene, xylene, 1,3-butadiene, ethylene, total saturated and unsaturated, total aromatics and total HC), carbonyl compounds (aldehydes and ketones), PAH, and nitro-PAH. The experimental results show a significant impact of the diesel fuel type on the exhaust emissions and in several cases, the application of the Euro4 fuel increases the exhaust emissions comparing to Euro3.