Headspace solid-phase microextraction gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis of Eupatorium odoratum extract as an oviposition repellent

Headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) coupled with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) analysis was used to study volatile and semi-volatile compounds emitted by the Eupatorium odoratum (E. odoratum) extract. Variables of HS-SPME such as the type of SPME fiber, extraction time and temperature, incubation time, desorption time and temperature have been optimized. Optimized conditions were obtained by the use of divinylbenzene/carboxen/polydimethylsiloxane (DVB/CAR/PDMS) fiber, 5 min/20 min incubation/extraction time at 65 °C, 5 min desorption time at 260 °C. Using three different polar chromatographic columns to get retention index and mass spectrometry data, 99 volatile and semi-volatile compounds were tentatively identified in the E. odoratum extract. This study has identified the promising source of E. odoratum oviposition repellent.