HPLC/ESI-MSn method for non-amino bisphosphonates: Application to the detection of tiludronate in equine plasma

Tiludronate is a non-nitrogen-containing biphosphonate drug approved in equine veterinary medicine for the treatment of navicular disease and bone sparvin in horse. Its hydrophilic properties and its strong affinity for the bone have made the control of its use quite difficult. After an initial step of method development in plasma and urine, due to a strong matrix effect and erratic detection in urine, the final method development was conducted in plasma. After addition of (3-trifluoromethylphenyl) thiomethylene biphosphonic acid as internal standard, automated sample preparation consisted of a filtration on a Nexus cartridge followed by a Solid Phase Extraction on an Oasis WAX cartridge with weak anion exchange properties. After methylation of the residue with trimethyl orthoacetate (TMOA), analysis was conducted by HPLC/ESI-MSn on a LTQ mass spectrometer. The method has been validated with a LOD and LOQ of respectively 1 and 2.5 ng/mL. Using a weighting factor of 1/concentration2, a linear model was suitable in the range of 2.5 up to 500 ng/mL. Precision and accuracy data determined at two concentrations were satisfactory (i.e. less than 15%). Carryover would have been a problem but this has finally been fixed using the additional steps of washing during robotised SPE extraction and analysis on both the autosampler and the analytical column. The method was successfully employed for the first time to the quantification of tiludronate in plasma samples collected from horses treated with Tildren™ (Intravenous administration at the dose of 0.1 mg/kg/day for 10 days).