An Explicit Fourth-Order Orthogonal Curvilinear Staggered-Grid FDTD Method for Maxwellʹs Equations

The explicit fourth-order staggered finite-difference time-domain scheme, previously proposed for a Cartesian grid, is extended to Maxwellʹs equations in an orthogonal curvilinear coordinate system and applied to electromagnetic wave problems. A simple technique is also presented for generating orthogonal curvilinear grids that conform to the material boundaries and interfaces of the problem. Numerical experiments are presented to illustrate the efficiency and accuracy of the method.