WO3−x nanowires based electrochromic devices

A simple method was developed to fabricate tungsten oxide (WO3−x) nanowires based electrochromic devices. The WO3−x nanowires are grown directly from tungsten oxide powders in a tube furnace. The WO3−x nanowires have diameters ranging from 30 to 70 nm and lengths up to several micrometers. The WO3−x nanowires based device has short bleach-coloration transition time and can be grown on a large scale directly onto an ITO-coated glass that makes it potential in many electrochromic applications. The structure, morphology, and composition of the WO3−x nanowires were characterized using the scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and energy-dispersive spectrometer. The optical and electrochromic performance of the nanowires layer under lithium intercalation was studied in detail by UV–VIS–NIR spectroscope and cyclic voltameter.