Statistical relevance of vorticity conservation in the Hamiltonian particle-mesh method

We conduct long-time simulations with a Hamiltonian particle-mesh method for ideal fluid flow, to determine the statistical mean vorticity field of the discretization. Lagrangian and Eulerian statistical models are proposed for the discrete dynamics, and these are compared against numerical experiments. The observed results are in excellent agreement with the theoretical models, as well as with the continuum statistical mechanical theory for ideal fluid flow developed by Ellis et al. (2002) [10]. In particular the results verify that the apparently trivial conservation of potential vorticity along particle paths within the HPM method significantly influences the mean state. As a side note, the numerical experiments show that a nonzero fourth moment of potential vorticity can influence the statistical mean.