Author/Authors :
Sّndergaard، نويسنده , , Roar R. and Makris، نويسنده , , Theodoros and Lianos، نويسنده , , Panagiotis and Manor، نويسنده , , Assaf and Katz، نويسنده , , Eugene A. and Gong، نويسنده , , Wei and Tuladhar، نويسنده , , Sachetan M. and Nelson، نويسنده , , Jenny and Tuomi، نويسنده , , Ralf and Sommeling، نويسنده , , Paul and Veenstra، نويسنده , , Sjoerd C. and Rivaton، نويسنده , , Agnès and Dupuis، نويسنده , , Aurélie and Teran-Escobar، نويسنده , , Gerardo and Lira-Cantu، نويسنده , , Monica and Sapkota، نويسنده , , Subarna B. and Zimmermann، نويسنده , , Birger and Würfel، نويسنده , , Uli and Matzarakis، نويسنده , , Andreas and Krebs، نويسنده , , Frederik C.، نويسنده ,
Abstract :
A new encapsulation method for organic solar cells has been tested on flexible solar modules and cells embedded in polyurethane, sandwiched between a tempered glass plate and a polycarbonate plate. Panels, each containing 10 organic solar modules/cells, were fabricated and installed for outdoor exposure in eight different countries for 4½ months. In order to minimize potential deviations in procedures and equipment, one person was responsible for the fabrication, installation and initial and final IV-measurements of the panels using the same equipment for all measurements and calibrations. The encapsulated modules/cells showed significantly reduced degradation compared with previous studies, with final average efficiencies around 40% of the original after 4½ months outdoor exposure. Photodegradation was furthermore found not to be the primary source of degradation.
Keywords :
Encapsulation , Organic solar cells , Polyurethane , Round robin , Inter laboratory study (ILS) , Outdoor stability study
