Dual X-ray absorptiometry accurately predicts carcass composition from live sheep and chemical composition of live and dead sheep

Fifty merino wethers (liveweight range from 44 to 81 kg, average of 58.6 kg) were lot fed for 42 d and scanned through a dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) as both a live animal and whole carcass (carcass weight range from 15 to 32 kg, average of 22.9 kg) producing measures of total tissue, lean, fat and bone content. The carcasses were subsequently boned out into saleable cuts and the weights and yield of boned out muscle, fat and bone recorded. The relationship between chemical lean (protein + water) was highly correlated with DXA carcass lean (r2 = 0.90, RSD = 0.674 kg) and moderately with DXA live lean (r2 = 0.72, RSD = 1.05 kg). The relationship between the chemical fat was moderately correlated with DXA carcass fat (r2 = 0.86, RSD = 0.42 kg) and DXA live fat (r2 = 0.70, RSD = 0.71 kg). DXA carcass and live animal bone was not well correlated with chemical ash (both r2 = 0.38, RSD = 0.3). DXA carcass lean was moderately well predicted from DXA live lean with the inclusion of bodyweight in the regression (r2 = 0.82, RSD = 0.87 kg). DXA carcass fat was well predicted from DXA live fat (r2 = 0.86, RSD = 0.54 kg). DXA carcass lean and DXA carcass fat with the inclusion of carcass weight in the regression significantly predicted boned out muscle (r2 = 0.97, RSD = 0.32 kg) and fat weight, respectively (r2 = 0.92, RSD = 0.34 kg). The use of DXA live lean and DXA live fat with the inclusion of bodyweight to predict boned out muscle (r2 = 0.83, RSD = 0.75 kg) and fat (r2 = 0.86, RSD = 0.46 kg) weight, respectively, was moderate. The use of DXA carcass and live lean and fat to predict boned out muscle and fat yield was not correlated as weight. The future for the DXA will exist in the determination of body composition in live animals and carcasses in research experiments but there is potential for the DXA to be used as an online carcass grading system.