Author/Authors :
Weiss، نويسنده , , Jie Wu and Mouttapa، نويسنده , , Michele and Chou، نويسنده , , Chih-Ping and Nezami، نويسنده , , Elahe and Anderson Johnson، نويسنده , , C. and Palmer، نويسنده , , Paula H. and Cen، نويسنده , , Steven and Gallaher، نويسنده , , Peggy and Ritt-Olson، نويسنده , , Anamara and Azen، نويسنده , , Stanley and Unger، نويسنده , , Jennifer B.، نويسنده ,
Abstract :
Using logistic and multiple regression, we examined the association between hostility, level of depressive symptoms, and smoking in a sample of 1699 ethnically diverse students in California. Self-reports were collected twice from each student, at the beginning of the 6th and 7th grade years. Among 6th graders who had not smoked, depressive symptoms and hostility were associated with smoking initiation by the 7th grade. Among those students who had already tried smoking, increases in depressive symptoms and hostility were associated with more frequent smoking. The association between hostility and smoking was stronger for students reporting higher levels of depressive symptoms.
Keywords :
Hostility , Depressive symptoms , Smoking , Adolescent
