Ultra-rapid analysis of nitrate and nitrite by capillary electrophoresis

Rapid analysis of nitrate and nitrite by capillary electrophoresis (CE) has been limited by the ions’ very similar electrophoretic mobilities. With a pKa of 3.15, the mobility of nitrite can be selectively reduced using a low pH buffer in CE. A much shorter capillary can be used and separation voltages can be increased. With this method, nitrate and nitrite are separated in just over 10 s. This is roughly 20 times faster than current separation methods. Direct UV detection at 214 nm was employed and offered sub μM detection limits. Total analysis time (pre-rinse, injection, and separation) was less than 1 min, making this method ideal for high-throughput analysis.