Author/Authors :
Araban، Marzieh نويسنده 1Department of Health Education, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran , , Tavafian، Seddigheh Sadat نويسنده 1Department of Health Education, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran , , Motesaddi Zarandi، Saeid نويسنده Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Health, Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran , , Hidarnia، Ali Reza نويسنده Department of Education and Health Promotion, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran Hidarnia, Ali Reza , Gohari، Mahmood Reza نويسنده Statistic Department, School of Management and Medical Information, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran , , M Prochaska، Janice نويسنده Prochange Behavior System, West Kingston, USA , , Laluie، Afsaneh نويسنده Department of Gynecology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran , , Montazeri، Ali نويسنده PhD, Professor, Mental Health Research Group, Health Metrics Research Center, Iranian Institute for Health Sciences Re-search, Academic Center for Ed ,
Abstract :
A self-efficacy instrument should be condition-specific. There are several instruments for measuring self-efficacy, but
none are air pollution-specific. This study aimed to develop a self-efficacy measure for assessing pregnant women’s
responses to air pollution hazards. A random sample of pregnant women aged between 18 and 35 years attending
three prenatal care centers were entered into the study. Prenatal care centers randomly selected from a list of
centers located in different geographical regions of Tehran, Iran. After careful consideration and performing content
and face validity, a 4-item measure was developed and participants completed the questionnaire. Reliability was
estimated using internal consistency and validity was assessed by performing confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and
known group comparison. In all 200 eligible pregnant women were studied. The mean age of participants was 26.9
(SD = 4.8) years and it was 27.9 (SD = 9.1) weeks for gestational age. The findings showed almost perfect results for
both content validity ratio (CVR = 1) and content validity index (CVI = 1). The confirmatory factor analysis indicated a
good fit to the data, and known group comparison revealed satisfying results. Internal consistency as measured by
the Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was found to be 0.74. In general, the findings suggest that this new generated
scale is a reliable and valid specific measure of self-efficacy in response to air pollution hazards for pregnant
women. However, further studies are needed to establish stronger psychometric properties for the questionnaire.
