An entropy driven phase transformation in a Au43.3Cu31.8Al24.9 shape-memory alloy

The 18-karat Au43.3Cu31.8Al24.9 alloy displays shape memory effect. The parent phase has L21 structure which transforms to B2 at high temperature. The B2 phase is retained in metastable state by quenching from the B2 field. It then transforms irreversibly with an endothermic peak in Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) to the stable L21 structure in the temperature range between 407 K and 435 K as a function of heating rate. The transformation is, therefore, entropy-driven. Details are reported on the enthalpy of transformation and its temperature dependence. The transformation is discussed with reference to the entropy content of phases as a function of temperature which counteracts austenite stability. The role of vacancy motion is outlined. A comparison is made with analogous transitions occurring in molecular substances and metallic materials.