Fischer–Tropsch catalyst testing in a continuous bench-scale coal gasification system

A bench-scale oxygen-blown fluid-bed gasifier was coupled to a modular fixed-bed Fischer–Tropsch (FT) reactor system for testing an FT catalyst under syngas. Various blends of subbituminous coal, torrefied biomass, and untreated biomass were gasified at 22 bar absolute, 800°–860 °C, and 4 kg/h. Syngas exiting the fluid bed passed through a cyclone, candle filter, and sulfur sorbent to reduce fine particulate and H2S to levels well below 1 ppmv. The syngas was cooled to condense out moisture and volatiles and then reheated to temperatures required for FT synthesis. The clean syngas then flowed into the FT reactor with a 5:1 ratio of recycled FT product gas-to-fresh syngas feed. A 70% overall conversion of CO and H2 was achieved at 269 °C and 18.9 bar over an iron-based catalyst supported on gamma-alumina pellets.