Determination of chlorobenzenes in textiles by pressurized hot water extraction followed by vortex-assisted liquid–liquid microextraction and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry

A method for quantitative determination of chlorobenzenes in textiles is developed, using pressurized hot water extraction (PHWE), vortex-assisted liquid–liquid microextraction (VALLME) and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). VALLME serves as a trapping step after PHWE. The extraction conditions are investigated, as well as the quantitative features such as linearity, limits of detection (LODs), limits of quantification (LOQs), repeatabilities and reproducibilities between days. LOQs of 0.018–0.032 mg/kg were achieved. The present method provides good repeatabilities (RSD < 6.9%) and demonstrates that PHWE–VALLME–GC–MS is a simple, rapid and environmentally friendly method for determination of chlorobenzenes in textiles.