Cucurbit[6]uril in combination with guanidinium ionic liquid as a new type of stationary phase for capillary gas chromatography

Cucurbit[n]urils (CBs) possess unique structures and selective interactions with analytes of different variety and high thermal stability and show a great potential as stationary phases for capillary gas chromatography (GC). This work presents the first description of CB6 in combination with a new guanidinium-based ionic liquid (GBIL) as the GC stationary phase by using sol–gel coating method for the preparation of the CB6-GBIL and GBIL columns. Introduction of GBIL greatly improved the solubility of CB6 in the sol solution and successfully made the use of CBs for the intended purpose feasible. The CB6-GBIL and GBIL columns had average polarity of 179 and 280, respectively, suggesting their medium polar nature. The CB6-GBIL column achieves good resolution for a wide range of analytes and exhibits different retention behaviors and resolution for some of the analytes from the GBIL column and the commercial column. Moreover, it also shows good thermal stability up to 250 °C. The proposed method integrates the full advantages of CBs, ionic liquids and sol–gel coating method and provides an efficient and feasible way for the wider application of CBs in separation science.