A miniaturized method for estimating di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate in bivalves as bioindicators

This work has developed a miniaturized method based on matrix solid phase dispersion (MSPD), using C18 as dispersant and acetonitrile–water as eluting solvent, for the analysis of di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) in biota samples by capillary liquid chromatography coupled to in-tube solid phase microextraction and diode array detection. Recovery studies showed that the combination of C18-Florisil® was optimal using low amount of samples (0.1 g) and with low volumes of acetonitrile–water (2.6 mL 1:3.25, v/v). The sample is processed in less than 30 min, no evaporation step is required. The proposed method was applied to the analysis of DEHP in mussels and of the coastal waters in which they live. The average value of recoveries obtained, with ten spikes realized before MSPD treatment and after, was 91 ± 15%. The detection limit achieved in mussels was 170 μg/kg. Bioconcentration factor values (BCFs) have been discussed, because DEHP can be bioconcentrated in aquatic organisms.