Large-volume programmed-temperature vaporiser injection for fast gas chromatography with electron capture and mass spectrometric detection of polybrominated diphenyl ethers

A large volume injection fast-GC–MS method has been developed, optimized and evaluated for the determination of polybrominated diphenyl ethers, including the decabrominated diphenyl ether (BDE-209). The programmed-temperature vaporiser injection parameters, temperature programming of the GC oven, and the physical dimensions of the narrow bore GC column were investigated to find the optimal operating conditions for the analysis. Depending on parameter settings the yield of the PBDEs and particularly BDE-209, varies significantly. Volumes up to 125 μl were successfully injected and a fast GC separation was performed, with retention times as short as 6.4 min for the last eluting compound, BDE-209. In a pilot study an air sample, collected at an electronics dismantling facility, was analyzed. Low-resolution mass spectrometry in electron capture negative ion mode was used for detection. Nine BDE congeners, including BDE-209, were identified and quantified.