Determination of gas–liquid partition coefficients by gas chromatography

This review covers theoretical principles and experimental procedures for the determination of gas–liquid partition coefficients, KL, by gas chromatography. In order to precisely define the relationship between KL, retention time and experimental parameters, the retention theory, both for ideal and for imperfect gas phase, is expounded. The most important sources of systematic error, as peak asymmetry, mixed retention mechanisms, column hold-up time and stationary phase mass determination, are discussed. Although the review is focussed on packed columns, comparison to capillary columns is discussed in those aspects in which these last show advantages.