The isolation and purification of glucoraphanin from broccoli seeds by solid phase extraction and preparative high performance liquid chromatography

Plant foods contain not only essential nutrients, e.g. protein, amino acids, vitamins and minerals, but also phytochemicals that have added health benefits. One such class of phytochemicals are the glucosinolates. Glucosinolates, particularly glucoraphanin, are predominant in plants of the Brassica genus, most notably in vegetables such as broccoli. There is a growing interest in the role glucoraphanin plays in chemoprotection and as a result there is a requirement to accurately determine the levels of glucoraphanin in vegetable products. Reverse phase ion pair high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is the method of choice; however, this work has been hindered by the lack of available standard reference materials. Broccoli seeds, which are particularly rich in glucoraphanin (20–50 mg/g), have proved to be ideal for the isolation of glucoraphanin on the preparative scale. A novel preparative scale HPLC method with simple compound recovery has been developed to meet the need for a glucoraphanin standard.