High efficiency liquid chromatography on conventional columns and instrumentation by using temperature as a variable: Kinetic plots and experimental verification

Theoretical aspects of temperature in liquid chromatography (LC) have mostly been studied to elucidate changes in retention behavior of small and large molecules in various solvents. That temperature also plays a significant role in chromatographic performance is less known. Kinetic plots are an established tool to predict chromatographic performance in terms of speed and efficiency that can be obtained with a certain particle size at the maximum attainable column pressure. In this paper, temperature effects on mobile phase viscosity and analyte diffusion are incorporated in these plots to prove that superior performances are within experimental reach for conventional LC columns and equipment. Verification of the modified kinetic plots with experimental data points is presented.