Separation of chiral furan derivatives by liquid chromatography using cyclodextrin-based chiral stationary phases

The enantiomeric separation of a set of 30 new chiral furan derivatives has been achieved on native and derivatized β-cyclodextrin stationary phases using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (Cyclobond RSP), the 2,3-dimethyl-β-cyclodextrin (Cyclobond DM), and the acetyl-β-cyclodextrin (Cyclobond AC) stationary phases are the most effective chiral stationary phases (CSPs) for the separation of these racemates in the reverse phase mode. No enantioseparations have been observed on the native β-cyclodextrin chiral stationary phase (Cyclobond I 2000) and only a few separations have been attained on the S-naphthylethyl carbamate β-cyclodextrin (Cyclobond SN) and 3,5-dimethylphenyl carbamate β-cyclodextrin (Cyclobond DMP) chiral stationary phases in the reverse phase mode. The polar organic and the normal phase mode on these CSPs are not effective for separation of these compounds. The characteristics of the analytes, including steric bulk, hydrogen bonding ability, and geometry, play an important role in the chiral recognition process. The pH affects the enantioseparation of compounds with ionizable groups and the addition of 0.5% methyl tert-butyl ether to the mobile phase significantly enhances the separation efficiency for some highly retained compounds.