Author/Authors :
Sidi، نويسنده , , Avram، نويسنده ,
Abstract :
Recently, we derived some new numerical quadrature formulas of trapezoidal rule type for the singular integrals I ( 1 ) [ u ] = ∫ a b ( cot π ( x − t ) T ) u ( x ) d x and I ( 2 ) [ u ] = ∫ a b ( csc 2 π ( x − t ) T ) u ( x ) d x , with b − a = T and u ( x ) a T-periodic continuous function on R . These integrals are not defined in the regular sense, but are defined in the sense of Cauchy Principal Value and Hadamard Finite Part, respectively. With h = ( b − a ) / n , n = 1 , 2 , … , the numerical quadrature formulas Q n ( 1 ) [ u ] for I ( 1 ) [ u ] and Q n ( 2 ) [ u ] for I ( 2 ) [ u ] are Q n ( 1 ) [ u ] = h ∑ j = 1 n f ( t + j h − h / 2 ) , f ( x ) = ( cot π ( x − t ) T ) u ( x ) , and Q n ( 2 ) [ u ] = h ∑ j = 1 n f ( t + j h − h / 2 ) − T 2 u ( t ) h − 1 , f ( x ) = ( csc 2 π ( x − t ) T ) u ( x ) . We provided a complete analysis of the errors in these formulas under the assumption that u ∈ C ∞ ( R ) and is T-periodic. We actually showed that, I ( 1 ) [ u ] − Q n ( 1 ) [ u ] = O ( n − μ ) and I ( 2 ) [ u ] − Q n ( 2 ) [ u ] = O ( n − μ ) as n → ∞ , ∀ μ > 0 . In this note, we analyze the errors in these formulas under the weaker assumption that u ∈ C s ( R ) for some finite integer s. By first regularizing these integrals, we prove that, if u ( s + 1 ) is piecewise continuous, then I ( 1 ) [ u ] − Q n ( 1 ) [ u ] = o ( n − s − 1 / 2 ) as n → ∞ , if s ⩾ 1 , and I ( 2 ) [ u ] − Q n ( 2 ) [ u ] = o ( n − s + 1 / 2 ) as n → ∞ , if s ⩾ 2 . We also extend these results by imposing different smoothness conditions on u ( s + 1 ) . Finally, we append suitable numerical examples.
Keywords :
Cauchy principal value , Hadamard Finite Part , Circular Hilbert transform , Numerical quadrature , Hypersingular integral , regularization , Euler–Maclaurin expansion , trapezoidal rule