The evolution and resolution of conflicts on Saemangeum Reclamation Project

The Saemanguem Reclamation Project proposed building a 33 km dike, to reclaim 28,300 ha of wetlands and estuary for rice production. In addition, the project would store 530 million tons of freshwater in the estuary for agriculture. The time frame for this construction was 21 years from 1991 to 2011 with a budget of US $2.1 billion. During the project, another reclamation project, called the “Shiwha Reclamation Project,” which was established between 1987 and 1994, was written off as a failure and an environmental disaster. The public started to recognize the value of wetlands and coastal waters and has strongly opposed the Saemanguem Reclamation Project. However, the voices of supporters for the project were also strong, so its resolution was controversial. This article analyzes the evolution and solution of conflicts among stakeholders and discusses some lessons applicable to large reclamation projects.