Optimizing preventive maintenance for mechanical components using genetic algorithms

This paper presents periodic preventive maintenance (PM) of a system with deteriorated components. Two activities, simple preventive maintenance and preventive replacement, are simultaneously considered to arrange the PM schedule of a system. A simple PM is to recover the degraded component to some level of the original condition according to an improvement factor which is determined by a quantitative assessment process. A preventive replacement is to restore the aged component by a new one. The degraded behavior of components is modeled by a dynamic reliability equation, and the effect of PM activities to reliability and failure rate of components is formulated based on age reduction model. While scheduling the PM policy, the PM components within a system are first identified. The maintenance cost and the extended life of the system under any activities-combination, which represents what kind of activities taken for these chosen components, are analyzed for evaluating the unit-cost life of the system. The optimal activities-combination at each PM stage is decided by using genetic algorithm in maximizing the system unit-cost life. Repeatedly, the PM scheduling is progressed to the next stage until the systemʹs unit-cost life is less than its discarded life. Appropriately a mechatronic system is used as an example to demonstrate the proposed algorithm.