Synchronized flow as a new traffic phase and related problems for traffic flow modelling

An empirical study of spatial-temporal features of traffic flow patterns is presented. A critical comparison of model results and results of traffic theories with real features of the traffic patterns is given. Predictable features of congested traffic flow are discussed. Results of an application of methods for the tracing and the prediction of moving traffic jams and of other spatial-temporal patterns in congested traffic are considered. A qualitative theory of congested traffic flow is discussed.