Pyrene fluorescence in the presence of nonquenching and dynamic quenching salting-out agents

A new, simple, and rapid method to determine Setschenow (i.e., salting-out) constants for luminescent organic compounds in aqueous solutions has been developed using steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence measurements. Application of the new method was demonstrated using pyrene in the presence of nonquenching (K+) and dynamically quenching (Cs+) akali metal chloride salt solutions at room temperature. For these two model systems, Setschenow constants for pyrene salting-out by KCl and CsCl were determined to be 0.211 and 0.355 M−1, respectively. We expect that the methodology reported in this paper can be applied equally well to interactions between a variety of salting-out agents and fluorescent biological and/or environmental molecules in aqueous solutions.