Free radical graft copolymerization of N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone onto k-carrageenan in aqueous media and applications

In the present article, the graft copolymer of k-carrageenan with N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone (NVP) has been synthesized using PMS/maleic acid as a redox initiator in aqueous medium and reaction conditions have been optimized to obtain maximum % grafting ratio (%G). The optimum conditions of maximum grafting have been found by varying the different parameters. On increasing the concentration of maleic acid and peroxymonosulphate from 1.6 × 10−3 to 4.8 × 10−3 mol dm−3 and 0.6 × 10−2 to 2.2 × 10−2 mol dm−3 respectively, the initially grafting parameters increased and after a certain range of concentration grafting parameters showed decreasing trend. The small increment of concentration in hydrogen ion causes increment in percentage grafting. It was observed that the grafting parameters increase as the concentration of N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone increases up to 16 × 10−2 mol dm−3 after that it decreased. The optimum condition for maximum grafting has obtained at concentration 1.0 g dm−3of k-carrageenan at 40 °C and 120 min, respectively.