Bacterial cellulose reinforced polyurethane-based resin nanocomposite: A study of how ethanol and processing pressure affect physical, mechanical and dielectric properties

Nanocomposite films of bacterial cellulose (10–50 wt%) and polyurethane-based resin were prepared and characterized for physical, mechanical and dielectric properties. It was observed that the bacterial cellulose swelled in ethanol, and that bacterial cellulose sheets prepared from fibre suspension in ethanol exhibited a relatively less dense structure in comparison to those processed from aqueous fibre suspension. Nanocomposites fabricated from ethanol suspension also showed inferior mechanical properties but superior dielectric properties. Higher amounts of free proton generated from ethanol can induce more dipole mechanism; therefore, there is higher mobility of proton localized along cellulose chain, indicating that higher dielectric constants can be obtained.