Amputation of congo red dye from waste water using microwave induced grafted Luffa cylindrica cellulosic fiber

The present study deals with the surface modification of Luffa cylindrica fiber through graft copolymerization of methyl acrylate/acrylamide (MA/AAm) via microwave radiation without the use of initiator. Various reaction parameters effecting grafting yield were optimized and physico-chemical properties were evaluated. The grafted Luffa cylindrica fiber showed morphological transformations, thermal stability and chemical resistance. The adsorption potential of modified fiber was investigated using adsorption isotherms for hazardous congo red dye removal from aqueous system. The maximum adsorption capacity of dye onto grafted Luffa cylindrica fiber was found to be 17.39 mg/g with best fit for Langmuir adsorption isotherm. The values of thermodynamic parameters such as enthalpy change, ΔH0 (21.27 kJ/mol), entropy change, ΔS0 (64.71 J/mol K) and free energy change, ΔG0 (−139.52 kJ/mol) were also calculated. Adsorption process was found spontaneous and endothermic in nature.